{"id":164825,"date":"2026-09-01T13:44:58","date_gmt":"2026-09-01T06:44:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bap-software.net\/?post_type=knowledge&p=164825"},"modified":"2026-09-01T13:44:58","modified_gmt":"2026-09-01T06:44:58","slug":"cobol-migration-modernization","status":"publish","type":"knowledge","link":"https:\/\/bap-software.net\/vi\/knowledge\/cobol-migration-modernization\/","title":{"rendered":"Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng COBOL: chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang Java m\u00e0 v\u1eabn b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n logic nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5"},"content":{"rendered":"

H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eabn ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u00fang m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao<\/em> n\u00f3 ch\u1ea1y nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111ang \u00edt d\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 l\u00f5i \u2014 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, t\u1ed3n kho, xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng, h\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n \u2014 v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh vi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y hai, ba ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng lo. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng lo l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i<\/strong>. Mu\u1ed1n m\u1edf th\u00eam k\u00eanh b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng, mu\u1ed1n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i API v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c, mu\u1ed1n gom d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng AI \u2014 l\u1ea7n n\u00e0o c\u0169ng v\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: “h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00f5i c\u00f3 s\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?”. V\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch kinh doanh t\u1ef1 thu h\u1eb9p l\u1ea1i cho v\u1eeba v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 l\u00fd do th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng COBOL \u2014 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u0169, m\u00e0 v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng gian l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn quanh n\u00f3 \u0111ang h\u1eb9p l\u1ea1i. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y d\u00e0nh cho CIO, gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn CNTT v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o: ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t migration v\u1edbi modernization, c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn gi\u1eefa replatform \u2013 refactor \u2013 reimagine, vai tr\u00f2 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a AI, v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i COBOL sang Java theo n\u0103m giai \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec sao hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng COBOL tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u01b0u ti\u00ean<\/h2>\n

COBOL kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 v\u1eabn \u0111ang x\u1eed l\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch l\u00f5i trong ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec3m, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i. Nh\u01b0ng “h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea1y t\u1ed1t” v\u00e0 “h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c” l\u00e0 hai chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau. T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng (Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam) khi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng l\u00f5i k\u1ebf th\u1eeba trong chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p AI<\/a> c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra \u0111\u00fang nh\u00f3m v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y: thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t chuy\u00ean gia COBOL, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb c\u00f4 l\u1eadp, x\u1eed l\u00fd theo l\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n “h\u1ed9p \u0111en” kh\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tri\u1ec3n khai, t\u00e1m nh\u00f3m r\u1ee7i ro sau th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a t\u1eeb “\u0111\u1ec3 sau” th\u00e0nh “n\u0103m nay ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m”.<\/p>\n

1. R\u1ee7i ro nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n<\/h3>\n

T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n. H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 logic nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m trong \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0i k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 g\u1eafn b\u00f3 l\u00e2u n\u0103m. Khi h\u1ecd ngh\u1ec9 h\u01b0u ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7c, doanh nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 m\u00e0 m\u1ea5t lu\u00f4n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ngu\u1ed3n k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 COBOL tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng hi\u1ebfm, n\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n “tuy\u1ec3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi thay th\u1ebf” m\u1ed7i n\u0103m m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3.<\/p>\n

2. Chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n<\/h3>\n

Chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u1eb1m \u1edf ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed: khi kh\u00f4ng ai d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i, m\u1ecdi thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed h\u1ed3i quy tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng. S\u1eeda m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng m\u00e0 m\u1ea5t ba th\u00e1ng m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed th\u1eadt, d\u00f9 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean h\u00f3a \u0111\u01a1n h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

3. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec suy gi\u1ea3m<\/h3>\n

Sau v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda, c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau khi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh “h\u1ed9p \u0111en”. Th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0nh cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda hay kh\u00f4ng<\/em> nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n th\u1eddi gian s\u1eeda.<\/p>\n

4. N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 middleware h\u1ebft h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/h3>\n

V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a mainframe, h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 middleware do nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Khi m\u1ed1c k\u1ebft th\u00fac h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thu h\u1eb9p l\u1ea1i \u2014 v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u mu\u1ed9n th\u00ec c\u00e0ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb d\u1ed3n v\u00e0o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n nhanh nh\u1ea5t thay v\u00ec ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u0111\u00fang nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

5. B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7<\/h3>\n

Tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng h\u1ebft h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, vi\u1ec7c v\u00e1 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng, n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n m\u00e3 h\u00f3a hay t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f3. V\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ecbu qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u2013 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi “ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c” s\u1ebd t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n theo th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

6. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n

Khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00f5i b\u1ecb kh\u00f3a b\u00ean trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169, m\u1ecdi s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 data platform, BI hay AI \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1edf dang. C\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd quen thu\u1ed9c \u2014 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng batch k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec3m-\u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ed7i khi c\u1ea7n \u2014 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u1ea1o ra th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 legacy ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n

7. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h3>\n

C\u00f3 l\u00e0m agile \u1edf l\u1edbp front-end \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, n\u1ebfu lead time c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00f5i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 chung lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi l\u1edbp ch\u1eadm nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

8. T\u00ednh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh<\/h3>\n

Business continuity kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 “t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi nay ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng d\u1eebng”, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 “c\u00f3 ai v\u00e0 c\u00f3 quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0o kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c”. M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00f5i ch\u1ec9 ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 uptime \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

Migration kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi modernization<\/h2>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1ec5 nh\u1ea7m nh\u1ea5t \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch. Chuy\u1ec3n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh (migration) v\u00e0 t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, d\u1ec5 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng (modernization) l\u00e0 hai quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1edbn \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ba h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y cho t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n<\/th>\nN\u1ed9i dung<\/th>\nPh\u00f9 h\u1ee3p khi<\/th>\n\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Replatform<\/strong>
\n(chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng)<\/td>\n		Gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 logic nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5, ch\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh sang h\u1ec7 m\u1edf ho\u1eb7c cloud.<\/td>\nS\u1eafp h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, c\u1ea7n g\u1ee1 r\u1ee7i ro h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u00edt thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/td>\nV\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean. C\u1ea7n l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Refactor<\/strong>
\n(chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i COBOL sang Java)<\/td>\n		Chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n COBOL sang Java\/Spring ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/td>\nNghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 l\u00f5i c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c thay \u0111\u1ed5i; c\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ngu\u1ed3n tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng k\u1ef9 s\u01b0.<\/td>\nN\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 “COBOL vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Java”. Ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Reimagine<\/strong>
\n(thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5)<\/td>\n		Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng API, microservices, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cloud-native.<\/td>\nV\u00f9ng t\u1ea1o l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh; ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 k\u00eanh m\u1edbi.<\/td>\nChi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian l\u1edbn. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng cho to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00ec hi\u1ebfm khi \u0111i t\u1edbi \u0111\u00edch.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00f5i quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi h\u1eefu \u00edch kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i “ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n n\u00e0o” m\u00e0 l\u00e0 “ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n n\u00e0o cho v\u00f9ng n\u00e0o”<\/strong>. C\u00e1c x\u1eed l\u00fd batch \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n replatform \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ee1 r\u1ee7i ro n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng; v\u00f9ng \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng \u2013 t\u1ed3n kho thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean th\u00ec refactor \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec; ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ea7n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p ra ngo\u00e0i m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1ng reimagine. \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 n\u00e0y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

AI h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a: giao \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 d\u1eebng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u<\/h2>\n

AI \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u00e0 l\u1eadp t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u2014 v\u1ed1n t\u1eebng chi\u1ebfm ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c. Nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n (\u0111ang d\u00f9ng \/ kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \/ tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p)<\/li>\n
  • Application discovery v\u00e0 l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c (dependency mapping)<\/li>\n
  • Sinh t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cho nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n h\u1ed3 s\u01a1<\/li>\n
  • Tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft logic nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5<\/li>\n
  • H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n<\/li>\n
  • Sinh test case<\/li>\n
  • H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch migration wave (chia \u0111\u1ee3t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i)<\/li>\n
  • T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng AI c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00fang \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. L\u00fd do r\u1ea5t r\u00f5: th\u1ee9 n\u1eb1m trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n c\u0169 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 logic, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/strong>. “Nh\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3”, “quy t\u1eafc l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch k\u1ebf to\u00e1n”, “ki\u1ec3m tra ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y vi\u1ebft theo m\u1ed9t quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda” \u2014 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u0129nh cho ra \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng cho ra \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb1ng sau n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

    V\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh BAP \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 AI-assisted, expert-led \u2014 c\u00f3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng<\/strong>. AI \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 sinh n\u1ed9i dung; chuy\u00ean gia h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng legacy, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 Java\/cloud, \u0111\u1ed9i QA v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. S\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u2014 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

    AI l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e9n kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t v\u00e0 sinh m\u00e3, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5. D\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ranh gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y m\u1edd \u0111i th\u00ec s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

    Quy tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i COBOL sang Java: n\u0103m giai \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/h2>\n

    Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1 \u2014 Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c<\/h3>\n

    Ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, job, shell script, m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u; sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ef1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 g\u1ecdi v\u00e0 lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u2014 quy m\u00f4 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 sau b\u01b0\u1edbc lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb n\u00e0y. Song song \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

    Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2 \u2014 PoC v\u00e0 l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chia \u0111\u1ee3t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i<\/h3>\n

    Kh\u00f4ng tri\u1ec3n khai to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u. Ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n, r\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9ng minh tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a PoC kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 “c\u00f3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng”, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro khi m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra quy m\u00f4 th\u1eadt<\/strong>. T\u1eeb k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi chia migration wave theo nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 theo d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch c\u1eaft chuy\u1ec3n cho t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee3t, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y song song hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

    Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 3 \u2014 Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, giao di\u1ec7n, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng<\/h3>\n

    Song song v\u1edbi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh online l\u00ean n\u1ec1n web, d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o, di chuy\u1ec3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (x\u1eed l\u00fd r\u00f5 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3ng m\u00e3 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u), chuy\u1ec3n middleware v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch ch\u1ea1y job. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy v\u1ebft: b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh COBOL n\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n Java n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

    Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 4 \u2014 Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h3>\n

    Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu cam k\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i quy tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5, doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 c\u00f9ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Unit test (ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb)<\/li>\n
    • Component test<\/li>\n
    • \u0110\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 batch gi\u1eefa h\u1ec7 c\u0169 v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi<\/li>\n
    • Integration test (ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u00edch h\u1ee3p)<\/li>\n
    • Data reconciliation (\u0111\u1ed1i so\u00e1t to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u)<\/li>\n
    • System test<\/li>\n
    • Performance test \u2014 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t batch trong c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 th\u1eddi gian cho ph\u00e9p<\/li>\n
    • Ki\u1ec3m tra b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/li>\n
    • Regression test (ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed h\u1ed3i quy)<\/li>\n
    • User acceptance testing (nghi\u1ec7m thu ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 5 \u2014 Cutover, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/h3>\n

      K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1eaft chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ec9 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh khi \u0111i k\u00e8m \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n rollback \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft r\u00f5. Ngay sau cutover, c\u1ea7n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u; x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea1y \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi b\u00e0n giao sang b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng quy. V\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u1edf cutover: khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf API v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cloud v\u00e0o theo t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edbi l\u00e0 l\u00fac ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n

      Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh doanh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/h2>\n
        \n
      • Gi\u1ea3m r\u1ee7i ro v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/strong> \u2014 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng h\u1ebft h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/li>\n
      • Gi\u1ea3m ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c COBOL<\/strong> \u2014 chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n tuy\u1ec3n d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbn gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169.<\/li>\n
      • N\u00e2ng cao kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec<\/strong> \u2014 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t cho m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n
      • R\u00fat ng\u1eafn chu k\u1ef3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh<\/strong> \u2014 khi ph\u1ea1m vi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ph\u1ea1m vi ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu h\u1eb9p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/li>\n
      • T\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/strong> \u2014 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u1eadt cho API, cloud, n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 AI.<\/li>\n
      • B\u1ea3o to\u00e0n logic nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5<\/strong> \u2014 nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp \u1edf d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n
      • C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/strong> \u2014 \u0111\u01b0a m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh l\u00ean web gi\u00fap g\u1ee1 b\u1ecf r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n thao t\u00e1c.<\/li>\n
      • N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n<\/strong> \u2014 c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn sau \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c “\u0111i kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5” h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00f5i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m hay th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n v\u1ed1n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o quy m\u00f4, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. C\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh chung.<\/p>\n

        D\u1ef1 \u00e1n BAP \u0111\u00e3 tham gia: \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i quy tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5<\/h2>\n

        BAP \u0111\u00e3 tham gia d\u1ef1 \u00e1n chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, t\u1ed3n kho v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169 sang n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u1edbi, v\u1edbi r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i quy tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

        Ph\u1ea1m vi d\u1ef1 \u00e1n g\u1ed3m kho\u1ea3ng:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • 90 m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/li>\n
        • 300 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/li>\n
        • 85 shell script cho batch processing v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/li>\n
        • 65 b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          BAP th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p migration, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n component test, system test v\u00e0 user acceptance testing.<\/p>\n

          R\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c “kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i quy tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5” \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh, v\u00ec n\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u01a1i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u00e0nh hay b\u1ea1i: n\u1ebfu quy tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed1i k\u1ef3, m\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c b\u00e0n giao trung t\u00e2m \u2014 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ngay t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

          N\u0103ng l\u1ef1c BAP trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a COBOL<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
          L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c<\/th>\nN\u1ed9i dung<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
          Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng<\/td>\nKi\u1ec3m k\u00ea t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c, ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5, so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n migration<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          PoC<\/td>\nKi\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tri\u1ec3n khai quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Migration theo t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/td>\nThi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi migration wave theo nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 theo d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/td>\nChuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i COBOL sang Java, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Java\/Spring, d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh web v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\nMigration n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, middleware; data migration v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i so\u00e1t to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          B\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\nKi\u1ec3m th\u1eed end-to-end t\u1eeb unit \u0111\u1ebfn UAT, \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu batch, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai<\/td>\nOffshore, onsite v\u00e0 hybrid; h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, Nh\u1eadt, Anh v\u00e0 H\u00e0n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
          Sau hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a<\/td>\nH\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ed5 sung li\u00ean t\u1ee5c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

          BAP c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 500 nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng, TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, Hu\u1ebf) v\u00e0 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Australia v\u00e0 Hoa K\u1ef3. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn kinh nghi\u1ec7m tri\u1ec3n khai c\u1ee7a BAP \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u2014 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u r\u1ea5t cao v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ba ti\u00eau ch\u00ed quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00f5i.<\/p>\n

          C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/h2>\n

          Chuy\u1ec3n COBOL sang Java l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a?<\/h3>\n

          Ch\u01b0a. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 \u00e1nh x\u1ea1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a COBOL sang Java, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 “COBOL vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng Java”: c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t cho m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n s\u1eeda g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i. Chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ea3i \u0111i k\u00e8m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u1ea1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac package, c\u00e1ch truy c\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u1eed l\u00fd ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n

          Doanh nghi\u1ec7p g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

          \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a job v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, sau \u0111\u00f3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 sinh t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng AI ph\u00e1t huy hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e2u x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn v\u1eabn thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

          N\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n hay chia nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee3t?<\/h3>\n

          T\u00f9y v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n. Chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh chi ph\u00ed ch\u1ea1y song song, nh\u01b0ng rollback kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. Chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee3t gi\u1ea3m r\u1ee7i ro m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t sinh b\u00e0i to\u00e1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u1eadt s\u1ef1: \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa h\u1ec7 c\u0169 v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi trong su\u1ed1t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp. N\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 PoC thay v\u00ec theo nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung.<\/p>\n

          L\u00e0m sao b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i sau khi chuy\u1ec3n?<\/h3>\n

          B\u1eb1ng ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng. \u0110\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u ra c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 c\u0169 v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi; m\u1ed7i kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i truy nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f9ng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i hay l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eb7c t\u1ea3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00edch. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111i t\u1eaft qua b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

          N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0i n\u0103m n\u1eefa, c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngay kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n

          Ri\u00eang vi\u1ec7c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u mu\u1ed9n th\u01b0\u1eddng khi\u1ebfn l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p v\u1ec1 replatform. N\u00ean l\u00e0m kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 d\u1eef ki\u1ec7n ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u2014 b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y chi ph\u00ed kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

          N\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u?<\/h3>\n

          T\u1eeb ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c. Ch\u1ec9 khi nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u00ec m\u1edbi b\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 gi\u1eefa replatform, refactor v\u00e0 reimagine. \u1ede b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a c\u1ea7n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

          Trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi BAP v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng COBOL c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n<\/h2>\n

          BAP \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf m\u1ecdi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng COBOL<\/strong> \u2014 ki\u1ec3m k\u00ea t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c<\/li>\n
          • Trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/strong> \u2014 r\u00e0 so\u00e1t r\u1ee7i ro nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, t\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec v\u00e0 m\u1ed1c h\u1ebft h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng<\/li>\n
          • X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng modernization roadmap<\/strong> \u2014 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n theo t\u1eebng v\u00f9ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee3t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i<\/li>\n
          • Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n PoC<\/strong> \u2014 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            N\u1ebfu n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. 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