Digital Twins: Digital Simulation Technology and Practical Applications
Digital twins are seen as digital replicas of objects and systems found in the real world nowadays. They might...
Knowledge
At BAP, we always learn, update and share offshoring knowledge as well as innovative technology.
Software developmentBlockchain technologyAIGamingCryptocurrencySalesforceNFTOffshore developmentAI technologySAPOffshoreSmart contractOffshore servicesCRMMetaverseTest AutomationSoftware TestingAI servicesSaaSビッグデータOutsourcingInformation technologyIT outsourcingSAP S/4HANAERPQA/QCWeb App and Mobile AppJavaSmartphone App
Hybrid Software Development Company Integrating AI and Traditional Technology
While many businesses still hesitate between developing traditional software or adopting AI technologies, an optimal path is emerging: Hybrid...
SaaS Software Development Process: From Idea to Deployment
SaaS (Software-as-a-Service) is becoming a dominant model in the era of digital transformation. Beyond saving infrastructure costs, SaaS brings flexible scalability, easy maintenance, and personalized user experiences. This article will help you master the effective SaaS development process and introduce you to partnership solutions...
What you need to know about Virtual currency wallet
There are many people who still look for virtual currency wallet information to start their investment with coins. This article will help them explain from the concept to mechanism, and types of them. 1. What is virtual currency wallet? Its nature is a place to...
When Should You Outsource System Development? Criteria for Switching from In-House Explained
“Should we keep building in-house as we are, or switch to outsourcing?” — a decision many companies face on the development floor. Get the timing wrong and it leads to higher costs and lost opportunity. This article explains concretely when to switch from in-house...
Hyperautomation – The Strategic Lever Accelerating Digital Transformation
In the era of digital transformation, automation is no longer a choice. Moving beyond RPA or workflow automation, the concept of Hyperautomation has emerged as a major breakthrough — integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI), Robotic Process Automation (RPA), Machine Learning (ML), and various other advanced...
What Is IT Department Outsourcing? A Thorough Guide to the Pros and Cons
As pressure from staff shortages and DX mounts, more companies are considering “IT department outsourcing.” This article thoroughly explains the pros and cons of outsourcing in-house IT work, along with how to proceed without failing. 1What is IT department outsourcing? What can be entrusted,...
Python developer – Details and Career Opportunities for Gen Z in the digital era
Python continues to have an impact on the lives of its users. Python tools are already available in many of your favorite apps, such as Spotify and Netflix. This demonstrates the relevance of the Python programming language and the work of Python developers. The...
Top 10 AI development companies in Japan
There are a lot of AI development companies, and your business doesn’t know what is the best one to place trust in when developing a platform with AI technology? We will give you a helping hand with the list of AI development company rankings...
7 Points to Keep Your System Outsourcing from Failing
Outsourcing system development is an effective way to address staff shortages and optimize costs. But done the wrong way, it can lead to cost overruns and delays. This article lays out 7 practical points to keep your system outsourcing from failing. 1Why does system...
Application performance management: An effective solution for businesses
Nowsaday, most businesses use many different types of applications to improve customer service quality and increase competitiveness. However, slow application performance can affect business operations. So how can we effectively manage application performance? What software performance management tools can we turn to to solve...
What is Web 3.0? Explore the new era of the Internet
The Web world has seen great change over the past three decades. A lot has happened since the early days of Web 1.0, when the internet was essentially a medium for text-based information exchange. And now, when Web 3.0 appears, it has created a...
Offshore
Things the client should keep in mind when outsourcing development projects.
Custom development is the process of creating software tailored to a company’s specific needs. Unlike off-the-shelf solutions, it allows...
Why choose lab-type offshore development?
Lab-type offshore development is a collaboration model in which a company hires a fixed team of software engineers abroad...
The Benefits of Outsourcing IT Operations & Maintenance | How to Achieve Cost Reduction and Efficiency
Building a system isn’t the end. “IT operations & maintenance” — keeping it running stably — is one of...
Things to consider first in smartphone application development
With the increasing number of smartphone users, the use of smartphone apps has become important in marketing strategies to...
System Maintenance Costs: Market Rates & Cost Reduction Strategies — In-House vs. Outsourcing
“Are we really paying the right amount for maintenance every month?” If you have ever asked yourself this, you...
COBOL Modernization: A Practical Guide to Replatform, Refactor and Reimagine
“The system still runs accurately every day — but almost no one can explain why it works the way...
SAP implementation for a machine tool manufacturer
Role: Project Manager Modules: FI, SD, PS/PP Business analysis, FIT&GAP, prototype execution, customization, basic design Development of add-ons for PS/PP Add-on development for FI Development of add-ons for SD Period 2022/2 – Now Team size 30 Environment SAP S4 HANA...
GolfAR: Breakthrough Technology by BAP – The Comprehensive Assistant for Golfers
1. Overview Golf is not just a sport it is an art where players must combine skills, strategy, and spatial awareness. Understanding these challenges, GolfAR – BAP’s advanced Augmented Reality (AR) application – has been developed to elevate the golfing experience to a new...
AI-Powered ISO/QC Report Automation: Eliminate Manual Burden and Enhance Data Accuracy
In modern manufacturing, compliance with ISO standards and rigorous quality control (QC) processes is non-negotiable. Yet, manually generating dozens of ISO/QC reports every month remains a persistent burden—consuming valuable time, introducing human error, and hindering operational efficiency. We offer a breakthrough AI-powered solution that...
2000MAN – Car Reservation and Sales Management System
Overview The 2000MAN project developed a car reservation and sales management system with two subsystems: SalesSupport for handling reservations and sales, and XMAP for managing warehouse operations, branches, and order statuses—streamlining dealership operations. Testing Scope UI Testing: Verified UI elements on web and mobile...
2048 Color 3D
2048 Color 3D is a game that helps you relax with funny music combining with design of merge magic. This game will remind you of the legendary 2048 bricks with more 3D art style, merge magic, and bubble shoot. The interesting points of this...
Screw Factory
Screw Factory is a 3D game built on Unity engine with an impressive interface. We offer huge art assets with different objects in different styles for players to experience interestedly. The game is inspired by the real objects around us, it simulates the actions...
Auto Scoring App with YoloV5
Auto Scoring Input of this App is an answer sheet which have tic & toe in the answer boxes. This will be processed with Image Processing and Objects Detection with Yolov5. Beside of that, it also Detect Student Code and Examination Code on the...
Forecast Time Series on AWS
Overview – Predict power consumption of various sites based on past data and weather data. – Serverless system running on AWS – Collect data from IOT Advantages – Cost savings – Environmental protection – Avoid wasting energy Problem – Real-time processing – Build on...
COSY APP
Challenges: It is hard to develop a chat message app for business alone, basically because there are a lot of chatting apps on the market now. And businesses must understand how to create the different features from their own app to attract users. Here...
Automating Fraud Detection in Financial Transactions with AI
🎯 Goal: Detect fraudulent transactions in real-time using user behavior patterns and historical data. 📦 Solution: Real-time Monitoring + Anomaly Detection + Alert System ⚙️ Technology: Kafka, PyTorch, Isolation Forest, Scikit-learn 📈 Result: 35% earlier fraud detection, preventing billions in losses per quarter ⏱️...
Auto Parts Manufacturer Platform for Toyota’s supplier
1. Overview A well-versed industry in rapid transformations is now facing a significant disruption due to impending digital transformations. Due to the heightened levels of connectivity, environmental compliance, IoT, wireless innovation, and heightened consumer demands, substantial investments are being made towards the digitization of...
Magento Ecommerce Platform
Challenge: E-commerce is growing bigger and bigger as lifestyles become busier and technology changes and improves, consumers are seeking new, more convenient methods to fulfil their sales needs. There are a lot more reason we can explore: tailored experience in which shoppers now get...
Migration from COBOL to Java
Sorry, this entry is only available in 日本語. お客様の背景 お客様は、近くレガシーシステムに伴うクラウド化を計画しています。レガシーシステムの言語はCOBOL、JCLなどを使用しています。 COBOLからJavaへのマイグレーションを実行すれば、標準化されたJavaアプリ開発のSpringフレームワーク運用が行えるようになります。 Javaアプリケーションは現在最も汎用性が高いアプリの１つであるため、システムのJava化を行うことができれば、業務フローや業務効率の大幅な改善にもつながります。 弊社の提案 BAPの提案を紹介されています。 ・マイグレーションする前に、 COBOLアプリケーションの機能とビジネスロジックを詳しく理解しないといけないです。アプリケーションの規模や複雑さ、依存関係、データベース接続などの評価を行います。 ・プロジェクトの移行プロセスをフェース分けして実施することを提案します。 ・コード分析とデータの交換： COBOLアプリケーションの要件に基づいて、適切な Java Spring Frameworkを選択します。 COBOLアプリケーションで使用されているデータベースやデータフォーマットを Javaに対応する形式に変更します。 ・テストとデバッグ：マイグレーションされた Javaアプリケーションをテストすることが必要です。ユニットテスト・統合テスト・システムテストなどまで BAP側で実施しております。デバッグや修正が必要な場合には、迅速に対処します。 COBOLからJavaへのマイグレーションの効果 以下のような効果が期待できます。 技術的な効果： Javaは広く普及しており、豊富なツールやライブラリが利用可能、また再利用可能なコンポーネントや豊富な機能を活用することで開発時間やコストを削減できます。 保守性と可読性の向上: Javaはオブジェクト指向プログラミングに基づいており、 COBOLよりも保守うと可読性が高い、 Javaのコードはモジュール化され、より理解しやすいです。 スケーラビリティの向上： Java Spring Frameworkは水平方向のスケーラビリティを提供し、システムの成長や負担増加に対応できます。 拡張性と新機能の追加： アプリケーションに新機能を追加する際に柔軟性が向上、 Javaのオープンソースコミュニティは活用であり、新しいテクノロジーやベストプラクティスが共有されていることにより、最新の開発トレンドやセキュリティ対策を取り入れることができます。...
Crypto Trading
Challenge: Our Client needs to develop a cryptocurrency exchange that requires being able to trade with crypto pairs, top10 coinmarketcap such as BTC, ETH, RIPPLE … requires fast matching speed and high security. Including complete KYC and reporting systems because the customer is an...
Logistic Management
Challenge: Transport management is a very complex and difficult job. Getting to know where the goods are, where the truck is, and how the route optimizes to save operating costs when the truck is empty, which are all very important to the operator...
Count’em All
Count’em All could make you laugh with funny moments of the animals on the islands. The game visual is illustrated with a 3D art style and developed on Unity engine. The mechanics of Count’em All is that players need to count exactly the number...
Human Resources Management System: A Revolutionary Approach
1. Overview In the wake of rapid technological advances and digital transformation, enterprises are being urged to redefine corporate governance. Amidst this evolution, human resources and personnel management stand as pivotal factors, profoundly influencing business development. 2. Challenges It is challenging for enterprises to...
Modernizing the Legal Industry with AI-Powered Legal Document Assistants
Challenge Legal professionals often have to deal with a large volume of repetitive documents, especially when personalizing legal templates for individual clients. This work requires high accuracy and legal expertise, but it is time-consuming – reducing efficiency for more strategic consulting tasks. Our client...
Matching app 2017
Challenge: Spending time at the events with friends who have the same hobbies is alway joyful. If you want to build an application that can help to create events, invite friends to join, share the information, chat and share the pictures but you don’t...
Smart OCR
Challenges: Knowledge is humanity’s greatest asset. Books are invented to keep the knowledge is well-shared from generation to generation. However, in the digital transformation age, we need to transfer the data from books to digital databases. If you are looking for a method to...
A trade platform for The US and Japanese markets
I. Overview Investing has never been easy, especially for beginners and individuals with a limited budget and a limited understanding of the market. Stay with us in this article to see how technology solves those obstacles and changes the investment game with a cutting-edge...
Revolutionizing Equipment Management Through Digital Transformation
It is the goal of this initiative to enhance the management of equipment and machinery within factories in Vietnam, Japan, and Southeast Asian countries through the use of digital technologies. It is intended that an integrated system be developed in order to streamline factory...
MMP – Multi Matching Platform
1. Overview In the ever-changing business world, expanding your network is more appealing than ever. Creating your platform is time-consuming, involves research, and building a team. Yet, it may lack flexibility for changing business needs. Professional MMP integration services empower you to own your platform...
KINTONE – Business Improvement Platform
Challenges: The traditional method of filling in work content check forms by hand is time-consuming and causes service implementation and reporting to take longer than it should because of the time required to retype the data for data utilization. The man-hours required to prepare...
Human Resource Optimization
Overview: Advantages: – Save cost and training efforts – Avoid redundant resources and employees. – Save cost – Help people recognize health problems from a very early stage – Become a reliable reference to doctor when diagnosing and making decisons...
Tube Frenzy
After the success of Music Race, we developed Tube Frenzy which is a music game with 3D art style on the Unity engine. Tube Frenzy brings an absolutely satisfying feeling when player crushes things follow the rhythm of the top songs in the world....
SAP FI module
Project descriptions: SAP operation and maintenance support for a consumer electronics manufacturing company manufacturer Work description: Business analysis, specification change handling, system customization, basic design, and integration testing Development of FI-AP & FI-AR ABAP Module(s) in charge: Debt and Credit Management (FI-AP), Credit Management...
Power Apps Solution Helps Businesses Increase Revenue by 40% and Achieve 100% Mobile Adoption
1. Overview A technology services company was facing challenges in monitoring sales performance and optimizing sales operations. Despite having a CRM system, the lack of integration among reporting tools led to fragmented data and delayed decision-making. The company needed a unified reporting platform that...
Stack Up
With Stack Up, we bring simple gameplay but it requires accuracy and agility. We use a 2D art style that is inspired by the Ninja image. Stack Up gives players interesting experiences with different backgrounds that are inspired by the most famous images of...
Crypto war(Game)
It is an adventure game set on Crypto World which can play online matches. BAP (BAP JIL JAPAN CO., LTD) was in charge of planning and development. For crypto war (details of crypt game: introduction page) refer to the following data: http://crypto-war.online/en/ Development Form...
Technology
What Is Vendor Management? Management Methods to Lead System Development and Operations to Success
As more companies entrust system development and operations to external partners, what decides success is “vendor management.” This article...
Businesses should choose to develop Web apps or mobile applications
When it comes to software development, there are two biggest areas: Web application development and mobile application development. To...
How to Build a RAG System: Process, Cost and Timeline — Lessons from an 8-Week PoC
More and more companies are turning to RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) to put their internal documents and business data to...
Microsoft Power Automate: Effective Automation Solution for Businesses
I. What is Microsoft Power Automate? Previously known as Microsoft Flow, Microsoft Power Automate is cloud-based software that lets...
When a Product Defect Is Detected, How Long Does It Take to Find the Root Cause?
A product defect can be detected in seconds. But identifying its root cause may take hours—or even days. In...
Mixed Reality (MR): The Future Technology Connecting the Real and Virtual Worlds
1. What is Mixed Reality (MR)? Mixed Reality is the next wave of computing, following the arrival of mainframes,...
Metaverse overview and things to know about virtual universes
In October 2021, the phrase “Metaverse” became a hot keyword and was of intense interest. The origin is from the event that Mark Zuckerberg changed the name of Facebook company to Meta (derived from Metaverse). I. So what is Metaverse? Metaverse is a combination...
What is Web wallet? Everything you need to know about it
There have been many cases of theft at virtual currency exchanges, so many people are looking for information on the safest ways to manage and secure their assets. In this article, we will introduce the web wallet — a platform for managing and exchanging...
What Is Packaged ERP? The Key to Cutting Costs and Boosting Efficiency!
What is ERP package? This is the question that many businesses ask when they have the intention to build an internal ERP package system. In this article, we will explain for you from the basic concept to the warnings when you want to develop...
Mixed Reality (MR): The Future Technology Connecting the Real and Virtual Worlds
1. What is Mixed Reality (MR)? Mixed Reality is the next wave of computing, following the arrival of mainframes, personal computers (PCs), and smartphones. Mixed Reality is becoming more and more popular with both consumers and businesses. It frees us from screen-based experiences, providing...
Learn about the modules involved in SAP S4/HANA migration
SAP system is the system used by a lot of enterprises in the current business process. In the process of using the SAP system, it is indispensable for the modules and the SAP S/4HANA migration process to serve the business process. So what is...
Stable Diffusion – Revolution in creative photo design technology.
Stable Diffusion is a deep learning model that employs diffusion processes to generate high-quality artwork from input photos. Simply said, when you provide the model a cue regarding Stable Diffusion, it will be taught to generate a realistic picture that fits your description. In...
What is mobile wallet? Here is evverything for you to understand about it
What is mobile wallet? You don’t have information about it yet, basically because it is quiet new concept for you. In this article, we will explain about from the concept to how it works, and some famous mobile wallets for you. 1. What is...
0ｘ 【DEX プロトコル】
Sorry, this entry is only available in 日本語. 0x (https://0xproject.com/) は異なるトークン同士を取引する分散型取引所(DEX)を構築するためのプロトコルで、イーサリアムネットワーク上に構築されています。 一般的なDEXでは、取引注文（オーダーブック）や注文キャンセルなどの全てのトランザクションをブロックチェーン上で処理します。 ブロックチェーンの承認作業には時間とコストがかかりますから、取引時にかかる時間と手数料が多くなってしまいます。 更に、イーサリアムネットワーク全体にも負荷がかかり、DEX以外でのトランザクションを阻害する可能性があります。 0xでは、互いにトークンの取引を行う処理だけをブロックチェーン上で行い、それ以外の取引注文などはオフチェーンで行うようにすることで効率的な取引と低い手数料を可能にします。 0xの仕組み このように0x プロトコル上では、取引の決済のみがイーサリアムブロックチェーン上で行われ、それ以外の取引の注文などはオフチェーンで処理されます。 左側の図で、2から4までがオフチェーンで行われ、7でのみオンチェーンの決済が行われます。 メイカー: 予約注文を提示する人。 テイカーはメイカーの予約注文に応じる人。 ※オーダーブックは予約注文をリスト化して管理する注文表。 ①メイカーは、自分が持つトークンAへDEXコントラクトがアクセスするのを承認する ②メイカーは自身が持つトークンAをトークンBに交換するための取引を注文し、秘密鍵で署名が行われる。 ③メイカーはこの取引注文をネットワークにブロードキャストする ④テイカーはその取引注文を受ける ⑤テイカーは自分が持つトークンBにDEXコントラクトがアクセスするのを承認する ⑥テイカーはメイカーの署名をDEXコントラクトに提示する ⑦DEXコントラクトがトークンAとトークンBの取引決済を行う オーダーブックの管理者はリレイヤーと呼ばれ、報酬として取引手数料を得ることを目的とした不特定の個人が主体となることができます。 リレイヤーはオフチェーンでのオーダーブック管理だけを行います。 ①リレイヤーが取引手数料の金額と手数料受取用アドレスをメイカーに提示する ②メイカーは取引注文を作り、提示された取引手数料をセットし、秘密鍵で署名を行う ③メイカーは署名済みの注文をリレイヤーに提示する ④リレイヤーは注文の正当性を確認し、有効ならオーダーブックに記録する ⑤テイカーはメイカーの注文が更新されたオーダーブックを受け取る ⑥テイカーは取引したい注文を見つけ、イーサリアムブロックチェーンのDEXコントラクトに提示する 0x まとめ 0xではビットコインのマイニングを多くの人が競争して行うのと同様に、リレイヤー同士の競争により取引手数料はより安くなっていくことを前提に設計されています。 オーダーブックの管理者が分散されているという点がこれまでになかった新しい仕組みとなっています。 また、取引の実行時は安全性のためイーサリアムブロックチェーン上で行われるので、送金速度の問題が未解決のまま残されています。 デイトレーダーにとって取引所では両替が瞬間的に行われる必要があります。...
How Salesforce Mobile benefits for Business Development
There are many benefits that Salesforce provides in every organization. But the desktop/laptop version seems cumbersome when sales employees idle most of their time to work out of the office. So Salesforce mobile app is right choice for businesses to push their employees’ performance....
What is VR Meeting System? Why business should build up an in-house VR Meeting platform
Virtual Reality (VR) technology is increasingly being adopted by businesses, especially after the Covid-19 pandemic. By 2025, the global VR market is projected to exceed USD 15 billion. As remote work becomes a trend, building an internal VR meeting system helps businesses enhance the...
Salesforce’s leading products that users need to know
Salesforce is a name that is no longer strange in the software development world. But for users, organizations, and businesses, not everyone understands it well. In the current market, there are many companies that provide CRM (Customer Relationship Management) platforms. If you are interested...
Top AI Tools for Office Workers, Marketers, and Developers in 2025
2025 marks the explosive rise of artificial intelligence in daily work. From content creation, design, coding to project management – everything can now be assisted by AI. This article compiles the best AI tools suitable for office workers, marketers, and developers, helping you increase...
How important is Smoke Testing to the Q&A industry?
Smoke Testing is an extremely familiar term to the technology field, especially software development teams. This is an error testing and troubleshooting technique favored by many developers today. Thanks to Smoke Testing, the work of software developers as well as QA staff becomes more...
5 Benefits of Outsourcing System Development
With the IT talent shortage and accelerating DX, more companies are considering outsourcing system development. So what benefits does it actually offer? In this article, BAP IT lays out the main benefits of outsourcing system development, from a practical, hands-on perspective. Speed Start in...
Top 5 outstanding metaverse crypto projects in 2023
The concept of the “metaverse” may be quite new to many people. However, there are many metaverse projects out there that can create a life-changing opportunity. Metaverse and crypto are coming together to develop the future of the digital world in the areas of...
What is Big Data Analytics? Why is it important?
Big Data is one of the most popular words in the IT industry today. In the digital era, Big Data is a great asset that a business can own. But this data cannot be processed, stored and analyzed using traditional tools. So, in this...
What are Progressive Web Apps? Why should businesses apply PWAs?
Progressive Web Apps (PWAs) is one of the new generation software, helping to increase user experience and save costs for businesses. Progressive Web Apps are commonly applied in many fields such as e-commerce and Marketing. 1. What are Progressive Web Apps? Progressive Web Apps...
How to Choose a System Development Company | 7 Checkpoints & Comparison Points to Avoid Failure
The success of a system development project depends heavily on which development company you choose. Yet many say, “I don’t know what criteria to choose by.” This article lays out 7 checkpoints for choosing a development company without failing, plus tips for comparison. 1Why...
Introducing BAP Office and Software Development in Hanoi
1/ The Situation of the Software development in Hanoi Software development in Hanoi is experiencing a period of strong growth. The published figures were announced at the end of 2022. The IT industry in general or specifically the software sector in Vietnam always maintains...
Comprehensive Technology Solutions for Energy Management and Trading
In the context of rapid digital transformation and the increasing demand for energy, energy companies are facing numerous challenges. Managing energy consumption, optimizing processes, and ensuring transparency in transactions have become essential factors in business operations. In particular, the complexity of monitoring and analyzing...
Satellite Technology and Satellite Internet: Global Connection
Starlink is a satellite network providing Internet services developed by the American aerospace company SpaceX. As of June 2024, there are more than 6,000 satellites, accounting for more than half of all satellites in operation. Starlink is a megaconstellation or satellite Internet constellation, with...
Process of Cobol to Java what your business should know
The migration from COBOL to Java is a crucial step for businesses to modernize their legacy systems. This process is not just about code translation; it also involves choosing the right approach, ensuring data security, and making a smooth transfer without affecting operations. Here’s...
What is AI development? And How to get successful with AI Development
AI development is the process of creating systems that can think, learn, and process information like humans. It is a core technology that helps businesses improve performance and drive innovation. However, not everyone knows where to start. So, what should businesses prepare, and how...
What is Mobile App Testing? Why is Mobile App Testing important?
Mobile App Testing is the process of testing a mobile application for its usability before it is publicly released. Mobile App Testing helps verify whether the application meets technical requirements or not. With modern advanced technology, smartphones have been born, promoting the development of...
Top 6 Cybersecurity practices you should know in 2025
Cybersecurity is a set of measures, technologies, and processes designed to protect computer systems, networks, and data from attacks, unauthorized access, damage, or information theft. 1. Introducing the importance of cybersecurity today In an increasingly connected world, cybersecurity has become the foundation of our...
RAD – Solution to Optimize Software Development Process
What is Rapid Application Development (RAD)? Rapid Application Development (RAD) is an application development paradigm that emphasizes quick development via iterative cycles. Instead of working in a linear development process, RAD breaks it down into smaller iterations known as phases. What is special about...
![[Factory DX] Do You Really Need to Invest Millions in MES to Start Digitalizing Your Factory?](https://cdn.bap-software.net/2025/10/20222716/digital-twin-4.webp)
[Factory DX] Do You Really Need to Invest Millions in MES to Start Digitalizing Your Factory?
As digital transformation (DX) continues to reshape the manufacturing industry, more companies are considering Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES) to improve production management, quality control, and equipment monitoring. However, many manufacturers face significant challenges when taking their first steps toward factory digitalization: High initial investment...
IT Operations Checklist 2026: A Practical Guide for CTOs & IT Managers
IT Operations is not limited to simply “keeping systems running”; it is a critical factor in ensuring security, performance, and scalability. For CTOs and IT Managers, a clear IT operations checklist serves as a practical tool to control risks, optimize resources, and maintain system...
Future Blockchain and the world’s changes
Future Blockchain will become the core infrastructure for global digital transactions, replacing intermediaries with a transparent and secure decentralized system. It will redefine finance, contracts, voting, and personal data while accelerating the “Everything-as-a-Service” (XaaS) trend in the digital era. 1. How does the future...
Spring Boot: The Best Choice For Java Application Development
I. What is Spring Boot? Which Spring Boot should businesses choose? 1. What is Spring Boot? Spring Boot is a framework built on the Spring MVC platform, a famous framework in Java. Spring is designed based on 2 principles including: Inversion of Control (IOC)...
AI for Remote Health Monitoring and Elderly Care
The demand for continuous care of elderly individuals and patients with chronic conditions is rapidly increasing, while healthcare resources remain limited and at-home supervision faces numerous challenges. Leveraging an AI-powered platform connected to IoT devices, we provide a breakthrough solution tailored to the ageing...
Step Tracking App with Crypto Rewards
Overview A Japanese client requested an application to encourage employees in companies to participate in fitness activities, meeting requirements for health improvement and workplace wellness under Japanese labor law. Companies can use the application to set up internal sports challenges, and rewards for those...
Shopping Mall / EC Site
Challenge: Trust is alway the most concerning thing for sellers and buyers when they about selling and buying items on any shopping mall platform. Building a shopping mall platform to provide the service like that for sellers and buyers will require a lot of...
Odoo-powered, comprehensive digital transformation solutions
In an era of rapid scientific advancement, Digital Technology 4.0 is exerting its influence across the globe. It has become increasingly necessary to embrace transformative changes in management and business operations. Dive deeper into this paradigm shift through the illuminating case studies presented below! ...
Car manufacturing and Sales
Consulting, development and introduction of BI management reports using SAP BO linked to SAP system of production management and sales management in Vietnam company...
GolfAR: Breakthrough Technology by BAP – The Comprehensive Assistant for Golfers
1. Overview Golf is not just a sport it is an art where players must combine skills, strategy, and spatial awareness. Understanding these challenges, GolfAR – BAP’s advanced Augmented Reality (AR) application – has been developed to elevate the golfing experience to a new...
AI-Powered ISO/QC Report Automation: Eliminate Manual Burden and Enhance Data Accuracy
In modern manufacturing, compliance with ISO standards and rigorous quality control (QC) processes is non-negotiable. Yet, manually generating dozens of ISO/QC reports every month remains a persistent burden—consuming valuable time, introducing human error, and hindering operational efficiency. We offer a breakthrough AI-powered solution that...
Food Delivery
Challenges: 課題: 美味しいごはんが自宅に届く便利なデリバリーサービスをお持ちでないですか？仕事や趣味、家族のケアで多忙な人々を中心に、自宅で食事を楽しみたいエンドユーザーのニーズは急速に上昇しています。しかし、多くのレストランはコスト面で専用のデリバリーサービスを持つ余裕がありません。 同時に、空いた時間に近くの場所で配達員として働いてお金を稼ぎたいと思っている人々がいます。飲食店へオーダーしたいエンドユーザー、売上を伸ばしたい飲食店オーナー、空いた時間にお金を稼ぎたい人々に役立つプラットフォームの構築を検討している場合、弊社はいつでも手伝うことができます。 Solution: ソリューション: フードデリバリーアプリケーションはBAPが研究開発できるパーフェクトなソリューションです。エンドユーザー、飲食店オーナー、配達員、管理者の各グループに４つの機能を提供します。 飲食店オーナーはメニューとお店の位置を登録し、アプリケーションを介してエンドユーザーからのオーダーと、配達員の位置情報を受け取ります。 エンドユーザーはフードをオーダーし、受取り場所を登録し、アプリケーションを介して支払いを済ませます。配達員の現在地などデリバリーの過程を監視することができます。 配達員はスマホ等で情報の登録をし、システムにある配達タスクを受け取ります。その後、飲食店に向かい、フードを回収してエンドユーザーに届けます。 管理者は飲食店と配達員の登録を管理し、エンドユーザーからの支払いを受取り、手数料を差し引いて飲食店と配達員に料金を支払うことができます。また、サービスフロー中の予期せぬ問題をサポートしたり、売上を伸ばすための期間限定キャンペーンを開催したりできます。 その他多くの機能がありますが、主要なものだけ紹介しました。上記のワークフローを支えるのは大きなシステムです。AI、ビッグデータ、GPS、マップなどの多くの新しいテクノロジーが実装されており、私たちが研究開発したこのシステムに自信があります。また、お客様からの要件を収集し、あらゆるビジネスニーズに対応するシステムを構築していきます。詳細を知りたい方は、sales@bap.jpにメッセージを送ってみてください。 Client クライアント BAP IT 開発型 Lab 開発言語 React native MySQL AWS 製品 Web, IOS, Android 開発社 BAP Software ...
Magento Ecommerce Platform
Challenge: E-commerce is growing bigger and bigger as lifestyles become busier and technology changes and improves, consumers are seeking new, more convenient methods to fulfil their sales needs. There are a lot more reason we can explore: tailored experience in which shoppers now get...
Bluelink – Smart Waste Management Solution
Challenges: Japan is known as a country that does not throw away garbage. Garbage separation is strict, and garbage collection times are fixed. However, the amount of domestic garbage is also large, and it sometimes interferes with the collection and disposal of garbage....
MMP – Multi Matching Platform
1. Overview In the ever-changing business world, expanding your network is more appealing than ever. Creating your platform is time-consuming, involves research, and building a team. Yet, it may lack flexibility for changing business needs. Professional MMP integration services empower you to own your platform...
Metal Heroes
Metal Heroes is a mobile game that is developed on the Unity engine. It illustrates the playstation control with fierce battles and different types of guns, endless combats, and ferocious bosses. Bright colors themes and impressive character graphics make it become a featured game...
Renovating the telecommunications system
Challenge: Manual work due to system limitations Customer contact is basically by telephone Multiple contact points due to information fragmentation Progress of construction work is not visible. Actual results are calculated manually and cannot be calculated immediately. The overall picture of the business cannot...
AI Solution Accelerates KYC by 60% for Financial Enterprises
🎯 Goal: Automate document verification for Know Your Customer (KYC) onboarding while ensuring compliance and accuracy. 📦 Solution: OCR + LLM validation pipeline ⚙️ Technology: Azure AI Document Intelligence, FastDoc, GPT 📈 Result: Cut review time by 60% ⏱️ PoC Time: 2–3 weeks...
Happy Scratch
HAPPY SCRATCH is a game that makes you addicted to your quarantine life. This can be said to be a perfect game for you to release the pressure and chill with the freedom moments while staying at home. For this game, you just need...
Japanpage_Picks Application
Challenges: Sake is a traditional Japanese alcoholic beverage, first mentioned in history books some 1,300 years ago. Are there limits to how much sake can be promoted domestically and internationally with traditional PR, communication, and delivery methods? BAP not only solves the above problems,...
AI-Driven Energy Optimisation: Reducing Heavy Power Consumption for a Sustainable Future
In today’s manufacturing landscape, energy costs are a growing burden—especially for large-scale factories. With rising industrial electricity tariffs directly impacting profitability and mounting environmental responsibilities, our advanced AI solution offers a game-changing opportunity. It enables your business to significantly reduce energy expenditure while contributing...
Monster Masters
Monster Master is an action shooting game with the 3D art style and impressive colors. With simple control and satisfying shooting effects, we aim to bring a perfect game design for every age to find funny relaxing moments. Monster Master is developed with Unity...
Kick It Edm
Kick It EDM is definitely a mobile game for football fans. The combination of music and football is an essential part of every football championship. It happens in Kick It EDM. Playing football follows the rhythm of the legend football songs! Why not? Kick...
Crypto war(Game)
It is an adventure game set on Crypto World which can play online matches. BAP (BAP JIL JAPAN CO., LTD) was in charge of planning and development. For crypto war (details of crypt game: introduction page) refer to the following data: http://crypto-war.online/en/ Development Form...
Jumpy Vortex
Swipe and jump have been a king mechanism of mobile game top charts over the world for a quite long time, and Jumpy Vortex is among them. Simple control, easy to play, interesting game design, and satisfying feeling bring Jumpy Vortex different chances to...
MetaverseLand – Virtual Space
Challenges: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused millions of unemployed people, many of whom have turned to a form of earning virtual currency by playing online games. It is slowly becoming a worldwide “fever” because of the ability to earn real money in the virtual...
Spaced Repetition
Problem: Spaced Repetition Recommend vocabulary and vocabulary repetition intervals for each user. Input: Vocabulary, User’s info Output: Spaced repetition schedule In this problem,we need personalization. Solution: For this problem, we use the Leitner system and Half-life Regression (HLR) for spaced repetition...
Image Captioning
Problem: Image Captioning Given an image, our goal is to generate a caption. Input: Image Output: Caption for image Solution For this problem, we use will use InceptionV3 (which is pre-trained on Imagenet) to classify each image. We will extract features from the last...
案件予算管理システム開発
概要 Outsystemsを使用して、案件予算管理システムを開発しする。ユーザーは案件情報を登録して、マネージャーは承認したり、データを編集/削除したりできる。リアルタイムで管理できるし、要件定義からリリースするまでの短期間で開発できました。 技術 Outsystems Webプラットフォームを使用して開発 Outsystemウィジェット、CSS、JSを使ってフォームを作成 ツール： Outsystem Services Studio、 Outsystems Integration Studio、 BDDフレームワーク（単体テスト、C0&C1） Discovery, OutDoc, Clean Architecture. 案件情報 画面数：59 期間：9ヶ月 （2021年7月～） 作業範囲：基本設計～結合テスト チームサイズ：11～25人 プラットフォーム： OutSystems platform...
Consultant Application
Challenge: The information and data on the internet are huge and it seems to be easy to find the correct answer for any question but in reality, it’s not. People can feel lost or confused because there is too much information and it’s uncertain...
VR Training App
Challenge: Almost all business have training program for new employees, but they have the following issues; High cost: Transportation and accommodation costs are required for new employees to gather. High turnover rate: There is a large difference between what new employees think before being...
Crypto Trading
Challenge: Our Client needs to develop a cryptocurrency exchange that requires being able to trade with crypto pairs, top10 coinmarketcap such as BTC, ETH, RIPPLE … requires fast matching speed and high security. Including complete KYC and reporting systems because the customer is an...
Business Matching App
Challenge: Business matching applications need to meet the requirements of: Ensure that the information about the partners/person/companies is accurate, sufficient and reliable. Have an easily accessible, convenient, multi-channel connection. Can schedule events together on the platform. Save the history of transactions made, exchanged in...
Developing an AI-powered Contract Review Tool
Overview The client aimed to build the No.1 AI-powered contract review platform in the market, enabling risk analysis and providing insights to help lawyers make faster and higher-quality decisions. However, they faced limitations in internal development resources and lacked prior experience working with offshore...
What Challenges Do IT Departments Face? Solutions for the Talent Shortage Era
Why the in-house IT (情シス) team at Japanese companies is increasingly overloaded, the five core challenges they face, and how to solve them without inflating fixed costs. 1What does the Information Systems department actually do? The real role of the IT department At many...
How to Choose a System Development Company | 7 Checkpoints & Comparison Points to Avoid Failure
The success of a system development project depends heavily on which development company you choose. Yet many say, “I don’t know what criteria to choose by.” This article lays out 7 checkpoints for choosing a development company without failing, plus tips for comparison. 1Why...
ダナンのIT産業が急成長した理由と今後の課題
Sorry, this entry is only available in 日本語. １． ダナンのIT産業が急成長した理由 ますます発展するベトナムのIT業界の中で、ダナンは特に注目を集めています。ひと昔前、日本企業によるダナンへの投資は、製造・加工業が中心でした。 しかし、10年程前からソフト開発や設計などのIT分野への投資が目立つようになり、2018年には投資件数の25％がIT分野という状況になりました。 このようにダナンのIT産業が注目を浴びるようになった理由は何でしょうか？理由は３つあります。 １-１．人件費が安い ダナンのIT産業が急成長した大きな理由は人件費の安さです。ベトナムはASEAN諸国の中でも人件費が安い国です。ダナンはホーチミン、ハノイに次ぐ第3の都市ですが、その人件費は20％以上も安いと言われています。 賃金（月額） ハノイ ホーチミン ダナン 法定最低賃金 156 156 138 ワーカー（一般工職） 181 193 158 エンジニア（中堅技術者） 346 349 226 単位USD/月（JETRO 2016） さらに、ダナンのIT業界の離職率はわずか8％であり、ハノイやホーチミンが20％であるのに比べて非常に低くなっています。 このように、人件費が安く離職率が低いダナンのIT産業はオフショア開発先として注目を集め、多くの日本企業がダナンへ進出しました。 １-２．国による優遇政策 2010年、ダナンはベトナム政府からIT特区に認定されました。海外のIT企業に対する優遇政策として、法人税免除、土地リース料免除などが適用されました。 このように、国をあげて企業誘致に力を入れたことにより、多くの日本IT企業がダナンへ進出しました。 １-３．若く優秀な人材 若く優秀な人材が多いことも、ダナンのIT産業の成長に貢献しているでしょう。ダナン市には大学と短大が25校あります。その中で、工科大学、IT教育大学、IT短大などITを専攻とする学部・学科があります。 また、IT分野だけではなく、オフショア開発に重要な日本語教育も充実しています。さらに、ベトナムではほとんどの大学でインターンシップが必須となっています。 インターン先でIT企業を志望する学生も多いため、企業にとっては一緒に働いた経験のある学生を雇うことができるというメリットがあります。このように、ダナンはITと言語の両方で、若く優秀な人材が多いと言えるでしょう。 2． ダナンのIT産業...
What is Lean Startup? Success stories
Sorry, this entry is only available in 日本語 and Tiếng Việt. リーンスタート（lean start）とは、起業や新規事業などの立ち上げ（スタートアップ）が効率的に成功するためのマネジメント手法を指す言葉です。新規事業の立ち上げ時は人員や資金などのリソースが限られており、事業を安定して運営できるようになるまで非常にシビアなマネジメントが必要になります。システム開発に関しても同様で、開発費用や開発方法など、スタートアップの事業形態に即した方法を考える必要があります。この記事では、オフショア企業でのラボ型開発を活用することで、スタートアップが得られる大きなメリットについて知ることができます。 1. リーンスタートとは リーンスタートとは、アメリカの起業家エリック・リース氏が2008年に提唱した、起業や新規事業などの立ち上げ（スタートアップ）のためのマネジメント手法のことです。 リーンスタートは、事業家の思い込みで顧客にとって無価値な製品やサービスを開発してしまうことに伴う、時間、労力、資源、情熱のムダをなくすための方法論であり、最低限のコストと短いサイクルで仮説の構築と検証を繰り返しながら、市場やユーザーのニーズを探り当てていくのが特徴です。 2. 有名なリーンスタート成功事例 リーンスタートの成功事例として、代表的なものを２つ挙げます。 2.1．Instagram リーンスタートアップ事例中で最も有名なのが、Instagramです。 2010年10月6日にアップルのApp Storeに登場して以来、凄まじいスピードで多くのユーザーを虜にし、2020年3月現在、世界のインスタユーザーは10億人超えています。 日本でも2014年2月に日本語アカウントが開設され、月間アクティブユーザー数は、2015年6月に810万人、2016年3月に1200万人、同年12月に1600万人、2017年10月に2000万人を記録と、「インスタ映え」という言葉が流行語になるほど、その人気は凄まじいものです Instagramですが、もともとは「Burbn」という位置情報アプリとしてスタートしました。 しかし、一度リリースしたものの、思った以上に人気が出なかったことから、アイディアの構築・計測・学習を繰り返し、「写真の共有機能が最も人気」ということを見つけ出しました。 その結果、Burbnは写真投稿をメインにしたSNSに方向転換し、写真投稿・コメント・いいねの3機能を含んだ「Instagram」というサービスに昇華させました。 その後も、仮説検証を進め、アイディアの構築・計測・学習を進めていき、写真のエフェクトやストーリー、ショッピングなど、さまざまな機能の追加を行い、現在も変化を遂げています。 2.2．食べログ カカクコムグループが運営するグルメサイト「食べログ」は、日本企業におけるリーンスタートの代表的事例と言われています。2005年3月からサービスを開始し、レストランのユーザーによる5段階評価が掲載されるサイトを構築しました。 当初はグルメ本の情報をもとにした手打ちのデータベースで、担当者曰く、考えているものの30%しか実現に至らなかったとのことです。はじめはユーザー数が数十人程度だった食べログも、ユーザーの改善要望に可能な限り対応し、現在のシステムへ改善していきました。 その結果、現在は月間PV数が20億以上、月間利用者数は1億5万人以上となっています。リーンスタートの実践をきっかけに、右肩上がりの売上を誇るサービスに成長しています。 3. BAPの成功事例 3.1 ．動画編集・投稿型SNS『ジモフル』ー株式会社ジモフル様ご提供サービス https://jimoful.com/ ユーザーがカメラで撮影した動画や写真をアップロードし、システム上で動画作成・編集・投稿が可能です。他ユーザーからの動画の評価に応じて換金可能なアイテムを取得できます。 3.2．LIVE配信アプリ 『LIVE DREAMER』ーDreamer株式会社様ご提供サービス https://live-dreamer.com/ 誰でもアーティストやパフォーマーになって、動画やLIVEの配信が可能なアプリです。リスナーはLIVE配信中に課金アイテムを用いて投げ銭をすることができます。...
What Businesses Need To Know About SAP Cloud
SAP Cloud Platform is a cloud computing platform (PaaS) developed by SAP, enabling businesses to flexibly expand, integrate, and build applications on their ERP systems. In the era of rapid digital transformation, this platform has become a top choice for optimizing operations and accelerating...
What Is IT Business Improvement? Practical Ways to Resolve IT Department Overload
The in-house IT team’s workload keeps growing, yet headcount rarely grows with it. This article lays out the mindset of “business improvement” for resolving IT department overload, along with practical points you can apply right away. 1What does IT business improvement really mean? The...
Should You Outsource System Development? A Decision Guide for the IT Talent Shortage Era
“The projects keep piling up, but we simply don’t have enough people to handle them.” If that sounds like your IT or DX team, you are far from alone. In this article, BAP IT looks at system development outsourcing not through the lens of...
Outsourcing System Maintenance: Key Benefits & How to Choose the Right Partner
“Who can we trust with our system maintenance?” In 2026, more and more IT managers are asking this question. Limited internal resources, a shortage of skilled engineers, and constant pressure to cut costs — for many companies, the most practical way out of this...
Offshore software development rates by country
As a viable way to save costs and access talent, offshore software development has become more popular in recent years. But before choosing where to hire software developers, it is essential that you must understand the price differences in each country. In this article,...
Top 10 offshore development company in Vietnam
Vietnam is increasingly affirming its position as an ideal destination for offshore development services, thanks to competitive costs, high-quality human resources, and flexible delivery capabilities. In this article, let’s take a look at the Top 10 leading offshore software development companies in Vietnam as...
Why choose lab-type offshore development?
Lab-type offshore development is a collaboration model in which a company hires a fixed team of software engineers abroad (e.g., in Vietnam) to work full-time over a long-term period with a fixed budget. This model allows the company to operate as if it has...
What Is Vendor Management? Management Methods to Lead System Development and Operations to Success
As more companies entrust system development and operations to external partners, what decides success is “vendor management.” This article explains what vendor management is, why it matters, and the concrete management methods that lead development and operations to success. QCD Quality, Cost, Delivery —...
System Migration Methods and Process: A Comprehensive Guide to Successful Implementation
As digital transformation continues to accelerate, more companies are facing the need to upgrade or migrate their IT systems. However, for many CTOs, project managers, and technology leaders, starting a migration project remains a major challenge. Where should the project begin? What should be...
Things to consider first in smartphone application development
With the increasing number of smartphone users, the use of smartphone apps has become important in marketing strategies to attract customers, to increase sales, and increase awareness. Then, let us describe what smartphone application development beginners should keep in mind for successful smartphone application...
![[E-learning System Comparison] – The Best 6 E-learning Platforms for Business To Use](https://cdn.bap-software.net/2020/05/e-learning-system-comparison.jpg)
[E-learning System Comparison] – The Best 6 E-learning Platforms for Business To Use
E-learning is a form of training that uses information technology to deliver knowledge anytime, anywhere. As businesses increasingly focus on digital transformation in internal training, choosing the right E-learning platform plays a key role. This article provides a comparative overview of popular platforms to...
Basic understandings of web service development
Web Service is seen as a technology that brings a revolution to B2B (Business to Business) and B2C (Business to Customer) services. The basic value of Web service development is based on providing standard methods of access for composition systems and legacy systems. Software...
How does an offshore company help you in coronavirus time?
While coronavirus is still breaking out in many Asian countries, it not only threatens human’s health but also the companies’ performance. There are still many companies in Japan applying the work-from-home method to keep their staff safe from the disease. However, it is, of...
What is Offshore Company? Top 10 reputable Offshore software development companies in Vietnam
The concept of globalization has motivated business owner to conduct business activities all over the world. Therefore, in the field of offshore software development, Vietnam is gradually rising to show its competitive position. If you are looking for a reputable Offshore company in Vietnam,...
7 Points to Keep Your System Outsourcing from Failing
Outsourcing system development is an effective way to address staff shortages and optimize costs. But done the wrong way, it can lead to cost overruns and delays. This article lays out 7 practical points to keep your system outsourcing from failing. 1Why does system...
【AI in Manufacturing】If the Most Experienced Person in Your Factory Leaves Tomorrow, How Much of Their Knowledge Can AI Preserve?
What if the most experienced person in your factory leaves tomorrow? Imagine an engineer with 20 years of experience resigning. A production line breaks down, a machine starts showing abnormal signs, or a defect that occurred years ago suddenly reappears. The manual may not...
Offshore development unit price, market benchmark and more
Offshore development unit price is the first key factor in budget. In practice, the total budget is not a simple multiplication, such as “developing unit price per man-month”, as anyone with offshore experience knows. In order to make a project successful, there is the...
5 Benefits of Outsourcing System Development
With the IT talent shortage and accelerating DX, more companies are considering outsourcing system development. So what benefits does it actually offer? In this article, BAP IT lays out the main benefits of outsourcing system development, from a practical, hands-on perspective. Speed Start in...
What’s the Going Rate for System Development Outsourcing? Quote Breakdown & Cost Factors Explained
“We want to outsource system development, but we have no idea of the going rate” — a worry many managers share. This article clearly explains the market range for outsourcing costs, what a quote is made of, and the factors that drive the price....
How to Standardize IT Department Work | Practical Points to Prevent Individual Dependence
“Only that person knows.” One of the most serious problems on the IT floor is over-reliance on individuals. A staffer’s departure or absence turns directly into business risk. This article explains how to standardize IT department work and the practical points for preventing individual...
Things the client should keep in mind when outsourcing development projects.
Custom development is the process of creating software tailored to a company’s specific needs. Unlike off-the-shelf solutions, it allows businesses to build systems that match their unique workflows, goals, and industry requirements—ensuring better performance and long-term efficiency. What is Custom Development? Custom software development...
What is Offshore outsourcing? Top 10 offshore outsourcing countries
Currently, more and more businesses see offshore outsourcing as a potential solution to reduce costs and streamline their operations. So what is Offshore Outsourcing? In this article, let’s learn the concept of offshore outsourcing as well as take a look at the top 10...
What is an Offshore Development Center? Summary of basic knowledge for businesses
In today’s digital age, Offshore Development Center is becoming a more and more popular choice for software development solutions thanks to its cost-effectiveness and good accessibility to technology professionals. So what is an Offshore Development Center? What benefits does it bring and what risks...
Understanding about Salesforce Campaign Features
Salesforce Campaign is an interesting feature that supports business so much in various activities including Marketing and Sales for interacting with Leads, Prospects and customers. In this article, we will provide information about the Salesforce campaign for you to understand more. Let’s start. 1....
What is offshore development? Benefits and solution not to fail
Offshore development is not only a trend but also a strategic approach to optimize resources and costs for technology companies. However, successful implementation requires experience, well-defined processes, and trust between partners. In this article, we aim to explain the trends, benefits, and challenges of...
COBOL Modernization: A Practical Guide to Replatform, Refactor and Reimagine
“The system still runs accurately every day — but almost no one can explain why it works the way it does.” Many companies running COBOL core systems find themselves in exactly this position. The problem is not quality. It is speed of change and...
