Knowledge

The ubiquity of the Internet and associated services creates several possibilities for companies and people. However, it does raise worries about cyber security dangers. The particular material below will give a wealth of important information, allowing readers to get a more in-depth view. 1....

Over the past decade, blockchain technology has become the subject of much research because of its decentralized, consensus, distributed, peer-to-peer transactions, etc. With the help of blockchain, many agreements are possibly done automatically by smart contracts. So what is a smart contract? How does...

Digital transformation is the process of applying technology to all aspects of a business to enhance efficiency, accelerate innovation, and gain competitive advantage. In the digital economy, it is not just a trend but a vital key to survival—helping businesses adapt, grow sustainably, and...

When it comes to Web app or mobile application development, developers cannot ignore the Real-time updating aspect. This element uses time data to provide users with useful information, supporting users during remote work and other social activities. Real-time updating helps users update news and...

What is mobile wallet? You don’t have information about it yet, basically because it is quiet new concept for you. In this article, we will explain about from the concept to how it works, and some famous mobile wallets for you. 1. What is...

Sorry, this entry is only available in 日本語. 前回の記事で、 ブロックチェーンは３つの暗号技術を用いて不正を防いでいると説明しましたね。 参考：ブロックチェーンの不正を防ぐ3つの暗号技術 今回はその暗号技術を用いてブロックチェーン構造 がどのような構造になっているかを説明します。この記事を読めばきっとブロックチェーンという名称の由来がわかるでしょう。 １．仮想通貨はただのデータにすぎない  ブロックチェーンの構造を説明する前に、仮想通貨について触れたいと思います。本来、仮想通貨はただのデータに過ぎません。あなたが仮想通貨を誰かに送金するとき、「×時△分、○○にいくら払いました。」と台帳に記録されるだけで、その通貨は目に見えるものでも触れられるものでもありません。 このように、仮想通貨は台帳上の記録に過ぎないものですが、みんなが価値があると思うから通貨になりました。しかし、仮想通貨のようなデータが通貨として認められるためには必要な条件があります。 ”データが通貨として成り立つための３条件 送信者が誰か特定できる。 送信内容が途中で改ざんされない。 送信者が後で自分が送信したことを否定できない。 引用元：玉蔵（2017）『社会を根底から変えるシェアリングエコノミーの衝撃！仮想通貨ブロックチェーン＆プログラミング入門』株式会社ヒカルランド”  ブロックチェーン はその構造によって、３つの条件を満たすことができます。 ２．台帳が改ざんされないためのブロックチェーンの構造 （１）ブロックには前の取引情報も含まれる ブロックチェーン は前回の取引情報が次の取引情報に含まれる構造になっています。では、一郎さんからまい子さんへ送金する場合の取引記録を見てみましょう。 下記は一郎さんからまい子さんに渡されるブロックの中に含まれるものです。 前回までの取引記録のハッシュ値 取引内容「一郎⇒まい子　３ＢＴＣ」 まい子の公開鍵 一郎の署名 このように取引記録がひとつのブロックとしてまとめられて、次の取引に鎖状につながっていくことがブロックチェーンという名称の由来です。では、なぜ前回の取引記録まで次のブロックに送られるのでしょうか？ それは、ひとつのコインを改ざんして2人に送るといった「二重支払い」を防ぐためです。前回の取引記録をブロックに含めることによって、コインががどこからきたものなのかを明確にすることができます。これにより存在しないコインが送金されることを防いでいます。 これは二重支払いのような改ざんが起こってもすぐに分かるしくみです。ブロックBが改ざんされてブロックB’が作られたとしても、後に続くB’以降の全てのブロックのハッシュ値が全く違うものになる為、改ざんされてもすぐに分かるような構造になっています。 （２）改ざんを難しくするナンスの役割 それでは改ざんしたブロック以降を全て書き換えれば良いのでは？と思うでしょう。しかし、それを阻止する仕組みが存在します。それは、ナンスと呼ばれています。まず、実際の取引に使われているブロックのハッシュ値を見てましょう。 ここであることに気づきませんか？ ハッシュ値の先頭は０が並んでいますね。本来、ハッシュ化した場合、ランダムな数字が並ぶためこのようなことは起こりません。これは０が並ぶように意図的にデータに何らかの文字列を足しているのです。ここで足される文字列がナンスです。 上の図のように、ブロックをハッシュ化する際、ハッシュ値に０が並ぶまで何度もナンスの文字列を変えて計算を繰り返します。 このように適当なナンスを見つける作業をマイニングといいます。ナンスを見つけた人には台帳に書き込む権利が与えられ、報酬として12.5BTC（※）もらえる仕組みになっています。 ちなみに、マイニング（mining）の由来は、計算処理の報酬として仮想通貨が支払われることが、鉱山から金や銀を採掘するイメージと似ている為です。 マイニングはとても大変な作業ですが、報酬を得るために世界中で計算機を回して行われています。そして、ビットコインはこのマイニングからしか生まれないようになっています。マイニングはビットコインをはじめとする様々な通貨で採用されている方法です。 2019/9/5現在　1BTC＝約110万円のため12.5BTC＝約1400万円 （3）一番長いものが正式なブロックになる...

I. What is Sustainable Technology? Sustainable technology is an umbrella term that describes innovation that takes natural resources into account and promotes economic and social development. The objective of these technologies is to significantly reduce environmental and ecological risks and create a sustainable product....

Minimum Viable Product (MVP) is an important element of business strategy, especially for startups. But what exactly does an MVP consist of, and why is it such a widely adopted technique among businesses today? Let’s dive into the details to better understand the importance...

About Super Apps Super apps are mobile applications that integrate multiple services in one platform, allowing users to perform many different tasks without switching between multiple applications. The term was first coined in 2010 by BlackBerry founder Mike Lazaridis, but it has gained global...

Under the continuous development of technology and technical science today, software development is a very necessary activity, bringing many benefits to businesses as well as improving people’s lives. So what is software development? What are the stages of software development? This article will help...

In recent times, when technology has become more and more popular and applied in many different fields, Salesforce is also a name that has become familiar to many people. However, Salesforce and its application in enterprise human resource management are not well understood by...

1. What is blockchain technology?  Blockchain technology is a platform for storing and transmitting data in the form of encrypted blocks that are linked together and distributed across multiple independent computers, ensuring transparency, security, and immutability of information. What makes it unique is that...

Data analysis is an important process in today’s business management process and SAP S/4HANA is one of the supporting systems for this process. The solutions from SAP ERP are being used popularly in a lot of countries around the world, although lots of people...

Blockchain is a buzzword that seems to pop up on a lot of topics about the future of technology. While the applications for this technology seem endless, not many people are entirely sure what blockchain is. In this article, we will introduce an overview...

Super AI (ASI) is regarded as the ultimate destination in the development journey of AI. So, what happens when humans are no longer the most intelligent species on the planet? Is ASI a breakthrough or a looming threat? This article will help you better...

1. Overview of the Software development in Hue The Information Technology (IT) industry in Hue is becoming one of the key economic sectors of Thua Thien Hue province. Regarding achievements, software development in Hue has reaped a local revenue of more than 10,000 billion...

Digital twins are seen as digital replicas of objects and systems found in the real world nowadays. They might provide a lot of information on how something would perform in the actual world. The development of science and technology in the era of technology...

Businesses want to develop SaaS but often face the challenge: which company to choose — one that is both reputable and budget-friendly? In reality, the market has hundreds of service providers, but not all of them have the capabilities to be a long-term partner....

Along with the development of information technology and mobile devices, the development of multi-platform software is gradually becoming necessary for us. Not only is it compatible with many operating systems, but Cross-platform Development also provides a great user experience. To get an overview of...

SAP system is the system used by a lot of enterprises in the current business process. In the process of using the SAP system, it is indispensable for the modules and the SAP S/4HANA migration process to serve the business process. So what is...

Java is a programming language used in the development of web applications, desktop applications, and Android applications. This article is for those who want to develop web applications using Java or those who have started learning Java but still don’t clearly understand how Java...

Not every AI solution fits all businesses. In many cases, only custom AI can precisely meet operational requirements and deliver sustainable competitive advantages. This article will help you understand why enterprises should consider developing AI tailored to their needs, and why BAP Software is...

Progressive Web Apps (PWAs) is one of the new generation software, helping to increase user experience and save costs for businesses. Progressive Web Apps are commonly applied in many fields such as e-commerce and Marketing. 1. What are Progressive Web Apps? Progressive Web Apps...

The idea of blockchain has been around since the 90s. However, it was first introduced in 2008 as the distributed ledger behind bitcoin transactions. As blockchain continues to grow stronger and become more popular with users, have you ever wondered “How does blockchain work?”....

The migration from COBOL to Java is a crucial step for businesses to modernize their legacy systems. This process is not just about code translation; it also involves choosing the right approach, ensuring data security, and making a smooth transfer without affecting operations. Here’s...

1. What is Blockchain wallet? A Blockchain wallet is a type of digital wallet that allows users to store, manage, and transact cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, etc., via a web or mobile application platform. What makes this wallet special is its use of...

Multisig brings various benefits of security for transactions in the virtual currency market, but many people don’t know much about this platform. So, in this article, we will introduce and explain for you about Multisig’s information, pros and cons, its mechanism, and some exchanges...

In the era of data explosion, manufacturing enterprises and smart cities require data processing solutions that are faster, more secure, and more accurate than ever before. Edge Computing—data processing at the source—combined with Digital Twin—a digital model that simulates real-world systems—is emerging as a...

According to Google Trends, searches and interest for the keyword “What is NFT” have increased sharply in 2021, even surpassing Dogecoin and Ethereum. Many people have been willing to spend millions of dollars to collect NFTs. So what is NFT and what makes it...

Vietnam is a developing country. This country is leading the trend of blockchain technology. The application of blockchain to games has created a breakthrough for the video game industry. So what is a blockchain game? Is blockchain game development easy? Let’s find out through...