Knowledge

Big Data is one of the most popular words in the IT industry today. In the digital era, Big Data is a great asset that a business can own. But this data cannot be processed, stored and analyzed using traditional tools. So, in this...

Up to the present time, there is no denying the heat and strong application of blockchain globally. The impact of blockchain technology is predicted to be as large or larger than the Internet revolution. A lot of businesses have applied blockchain projects to their...

Cybersecurity is a set of measures, technologies, and processes designed to protect computer systems, networks, and data from attacks, unauthorized access, damage, or information theft. 1. Introducing the importance of cybersecurity today In an increasingly connected world, cybersecurity has become the foundation of our...

In October 2021, the phrase “Metaverse” became a hot keyword and was of intense interest. The origin is from the event that Mark Zuckerberg changed the name of Facebook company to Meta (derived from Metaverse). I. So what is Metaverse? Metaverse is a combination...

Sorry, this entry is only available in 日本語. 前回の記事で、 ブロックチェーンは３つの暗号技術を用いて不正を防いでいると説明しましたね。 参考：ブロックチェーンの不正を防ぐ3つの暗号技術 今回はその暗号技術を用いてブロックチェーン構造 がどのような構造になっているかを説明します。この記事を読めばきっとブロックチェーンという名称の由来がわかるでしょう。 １．仮想通貨はただのデータにすぎない  ブロックチェーンの構造を説明する前に、仮想通貨について触れたいと思います。本来、仮想通貨はただのデータに過ぎません。あなたが仮想通貨を誰かに送金するとき、「×時△分、○○にいくら払いました。」と台帳に記録されるだけで、その通貨は目に見えるものでも触れられるものでもありません。 このように、仮想通貨は台帳上の記録に過ぎないものですが、みんなが価値があると思うから通貨になりました。しかし、仮想通貨のようなデータが通貨として認められるためには必要な条件があります。 ”データが通貨として成り立つための３条件 送信者が誰か特定できる。 送信内容が途中で改ざんされない。 送信者が後で自分が送信したことを否定できない。 引用元：玉蔵（2017）『社会を根底から変えるシェアリングエコノミーの衝撃！仮想通貨ブロックチェーン＆プログラミング入門』株式会社ヒカルランド”  ブロックチェーン はその構造によって、３つの条件を満たすことができます。 ２．台帳が改ざんされないためのブロックチェーンの構造 （１）ブロックには前の取引情報も含まれる ブロックチェーン は前回の取引情報が次の取引情報に含まれる構造になっています。では、一郎さんからまい子さんへ送金する場合の取引記録を見てみましょう。 下記は一郎さんからまい子さんに渡されるブロックの中に含まれるものです。 前回までの取引記録のハッシュ値 取引内容「一郎⇒まい子　３ＢＴＣ」 まい子の公開鍵 一郎の署名 このように取引記録がひとつのブロックとしてまとめられて、次の取引に鎖状につながっていくことがブロックチェーンという名称の由来です。では、なぜ前回の取引記録まで次のブロックに送られるのでしょうか？ それは、ひとつのコインを改ざんして2人に送るといった「二重支払い」を防ぐためです。前回の取引記録をブロックに含めることによって、コインががどこからきたものなのかを明確にすることができます。これにより存在しないコインが送金されることを防いでいます。 これは二重支払いのような改ざんが起こってもすぐに分かるしくみです。ブロックBが改ざんされてブロックB’が作られたとしても、後に続くB’以降の全てのブロックのハッシュ値が全く違うものになる為、改ざんされてもすぐに分かるような構造になっています。 （２）改ざんを難しくするナンスの役割 それでは改ざんしたブロック以降を全て書き換えれば良いのでは？と思うでしょう。しかし、それを阻止する仕組みが存在します。それは、ナンスと呼ばれています。まず、実際の取引に使われているブロックのハッシュ値を見てましょう。 ここであることに気づきませんか？ ハッシュ値の先頭は０が並んでいますね。本来、ハッシュ化した場合、ランダムな数字が並ぶためこのようなことは起こりません。これは０が並ぶように意図的にデータに何らかの文字列を足しているのです。ここで足される文字列がナンスです。 上の図のように、ブロックをハッシュ化する際、ハッシュ値に０が並ぶまで何度もナンスの文字列を変えて計算を繰り返します。 このように適当なナンスを見つける作業をマイニングといいます。ナンスを見つけた人には台帳に書き込む権利が与えられ、報酬として12.5BTC（※）もらえる仕組みになっています。 ちなみに、マイニング（mining）の由来は、計算処理の報酬として仮想通貨が支払われることが、鉱山から金や銀を採掘するイメージと似ている為です。 マイニングはとても大変な作業ですが、報酬を得るために世界中で計算機を回して行われています。そして、ビットコインはこのマイニングからしか生まれないようになっています。マイニングはビットコインをはじめとする様々な通貨で採用されている方法です。 2019/9/5現在　1BTC＝約110万円のため12.5BTC＝約1400万円 （3）一番長いものが正式なブロックになる...

Low-code tools have received a lot of attention since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, but at the time they were still good for what they were. BAP IT will help learn more about the benefits of using Low Code Platforms and how your...

Progressive Web Apps (PWAs) is one of the new generation software, helping to increase user experience and save costs for businesses. Progressive Web Apps are commonly applied in many fields such as e-commerce and Marketing. 1. What are Progressive Web Apps? Progressive Web Apps...

 Big Data and Cloud Computing have emerged as important technologies to penetrate the trend of the IT industry in recent years. While each technology has its merits, many businesses have combined them to reap even more benefits. If you are looking to explore how...

1. What is blockchain technology?  Blockchain technology is a platform for storing and transmitting data in the form of encrypted blocks that are linked together and distributed across multiple independent computers, ensuring transparency, security, and immutability of information. What makes it unique is that...

1/ Overview of the software development in Ho Chi Minh City When mentioning Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), people often immediately think of the key economic center of the country, a place of constant innovation and development. In that overall picture, the software development...

When it comes to software development, there are two biggest areas: Web application development and mobile application development. To choose the right type of App for you, businesses need to clearly understand the advantages and disadvantages of each type and understand the differences between...

In the context of escalating climate change and severe environmental pollution, the application of Green IT (Green Computing) has become an inevitable trend in the technology industry. This article will help you understand what Green IT is, why leading tech companies are pursuing this...

If you want to join the NFT trend, the NFT Marketplace is our gateway to buying and selling these digital assets. There are many active NFT markets today. Operating the marketplace can be a great business opportunity in the current crypto world. To learn...

When it comes to programming websites, you cannot skip the MVC model. Why is it important? And how it helps you? The below article will explain more about MVC model, and you can have sustainable knowledge in the future. 1. What is MVC model?...

Not every AI solution fits all businesses. In many cases, only custom AI can precisely meet operational requirements and deliver sustainable competitive advantages. This article will help you understand why enterprises should consider developing AI tailored to their needs, and why BAP Software is...

Stable Diffusion is a deep learning model that employs diffusion processes to generate high-quality artwork from input photos. Simply said, when you provide the model a cue regarding Stable Diffusion, it will be taught to generate a realistic picture that fits your description. In...

SAP business planning software was launched in 2006 and has provided enterprises with a lot of convenience. Now, SAP is getting more and more attention and the demand for using this technology system is increasing. Nevertheless, SAP ERP maintenance will end in 2027, SAP...

AI Governance — or the governance of AI — is essentially the “rulebook” that enables enterprises to leverage AI safely, transparently, and effectively. I. Context & Challenges: Why AI Governance Becomes Mandatory in 2025 In 2025, AI is no longer an experimental technology. It...

AI Agents are emerging as a new technological pillar in digital transformation, enabling enterprises to automate processes, make data-driven decisions, and enhance customer experience. However, to build effective AI Agents, businesses need professional AI Agent development services. This article will help you understand what...

ChatGPT is an advanced Generative AI model developed by OpenAI, capable of understanding and generating human-like text. Built upon the Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) architecture, ChatGPT is revolutionizing how people interact with computers—supporting everything from office productivity and content creation to customer service and...

Automation technology is a phrase that is mentioned a lot in the field of industry, production, and distribution of goods today. Automation was born to help enterprises optimize production processes, reduce costs and increase profits. So what is automation technology? What are the advantages...

The Waterfall software model was first introduced in 1970 by Winston Royce. The Waterfall model consists of simple and separate stages, so Waterfall used to be very popular. In spite of the fact that this model has been replaced by others, it still follows...

Scale Agile Solutions is a methodology that expands Agile across the entire organization, aligning strategy, operations, and technology to accelerate digital transformation effectively. Digital transformation requires businesses to adapt quickly and continuously innovate. To achieve this at scale, many forward-thinking organizations have adopted Scale...

1. About AI and Digital Transformation The modern technological age has ushered in a series of innovations, with Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Digital Transformation prominently being the harbingers of change. These factors are not only redefining industries, but also redefining the way organizations operate,...

In recent times, when technology has become more and more popular and applied in many different fields, Salesforce is also a name that has become familiar to many people. However, Salesforce and its application in enterprise human resource management are not well understood by...

A Salesforce Developer is, in short, a person who works with Salesforce. Salesforce Developers utilize the Salesforce platform; it does not indicate that they are employed by Salesforce. Salesforce provides SaaS and PaaS platforms, so you may work with any kind of business, including...

Smoke Testing is an extremely familiar term to the technology field, especially software development teams. This is an error testing and troubleshooting technique favored by many developers today. Thanks to Smoke Testing, the work of software developers as well as QA staff becomes more...

Salesforce is a name that is no longer strange in the software development world. But for users, organizations, and businesses, not everyone understands it well. In the current market, there are many companies that provide CRM (Customer Relationship Management) platforms. If you are interested...

About Super Apps Super apps are mobile applications that integrate multiple services in one platform, allowing users to perform many different tasks without switching between multiple applications. The term was first coined in 2010 by BlackBerry founder Mike Lazaridis, but it has gained global...

SAP Business One is a topic that many technology experts around the world are interested in. This software has also attracted considerable attention from small and large enterprises in many different industries. So, what is SAP B1? How does this software work, what is...