Knowledge

What is Blockchain? Many people know it as a technology that underpins Bitcoin. But blockchain won’t just stop at Bitcoin or cryptocurrencies. This technology is expected to be applied more widely in many areas of life. So what does the future of blockchain look...

Vietnam is a developing country. This country is leading the trend of blockchain technology. The application of blockchain to games has created a breakthrough for the video game industry. So what is a blockchain game? Is blockchain game development easy? Let’s find out through...

Sorry, this entry is only available in 日本語. 前回の記事で、 ブロックチェーンは３つの暗号技術を用いて不正を防いでいると説明しましたね。 参考：ブロックチェーンの不正を防ぐ3つの暗号技術 今回はその暗号技術を用いてブロックチェーン構造 がどのような構造になっているかを説明します。この記事を読めばきっとブロックチェーンという名称の由来がわかるでしょう。 １．仮想通貨はただのデータにすぎない  ブロックチェーンの構造を説明する前に、仮想通貨について触れたいと思います。本来、仮想通貨はただのデータに過ぎません。あなたが仮想通貨を誰かに送金するとき、「×時△分、○○にいくら払いました。」と台帳に記録されるだけで、その通貨は目に見えるものでも触れられるものでもありません。 このように、仮想通貨は台帳上の記録に過ぎないものですが、みんなが価値があると思うから通貨になりました。しかし、仮想通貨のようなデータが通貨として認められるためには必要な条件があります。 ”データが通貨として成り立つための３条件 送信者が誰か特定できる。 送信内容が途中で改ざんされない。 送信者が後で自分が送信したことを否定できない。 引用元：玉蔵（2017）『社会を根底から変えるシェアリングエコノミーの衝撃！仮想通貨ブロックチェーン＆プログラミング入門』株式会社ヒカルランド”  ブロックチェーン はその構造によって、３つの条件を満たすことができます。 ２．台帳が改ざんされないためのブロックチェーンの構造 （１）ブロックには前の取引情報も含まれる ブロックチェーン は前回の取引情報が次の取引情報に含まれる構造になっています。では、一郎さんからまい子さんへ送金する場合の取引記録を見てみましょう。 下記は一郎さんからまい子さんに渡されるブロックの中に含まれるものです。 前回までの取引記録のハッシュ値 取引内容「一郎⇒まい子　３ＢＴＣ」 まい子の公開鍵 一郎の署名 このように取引記録がひとつのブロックとしてまとめられて、次の取引に鎖状につながっていくことがブロックチェーンという名称の由来です。では、なぜ前回の取引記録まで次のブロックに送られるのでしょうか？ それは、ひとつのコインを改ざんして2人に送るといった「二重支払い」を防ぐためです。前回の取引記録をブロックに含めることによって、コインががどこからきたものなのかを明確にすることができます。これにより存在しないコインが送金されることを防いでいます。 これは二重支払いのような改ざんが起こってもすぐに分かるしくみです。ブロックBが改ざんされてブロックB’が作られたとしても、後に続くB’以降の全てのブロックのハッシュ値が全く違うものになる為、改ざんされてもすぐに分かるような構造になっています。 （２）改ざんを難しくするナンスの役割 それでは改ざんしたブロック以降を全て書き換えれば良いのでは？と思うでしょう。しかし、それを阻止する仕組みが存在します。それは、ナンスと呼ばれています。まず、実際の取引に使われているブロックのハッシュ値を見てましょう。 ここであることに気づきませんか？ ハッシュ値の先頭は０が並んでいますね。本来、ハッシュ化した場合、ランダムな数字が並ぶためこのようなことは起こりません。これは０が並ぶように意図的にデータに何らかの文字列を足しているのです。ここで足される文字列がナンスです。 上の図のように、ブロックをハッシュ化する際、ハッシュ値に０が並ぶまで何度もナンスの文字列を変えて計算を繰り返します。 このように適当なナンスを見つける作業をマイニングといいます。ナンスを見つけた人には台帳に書き込む権利が与えられ、報酬として12.5BTC（※）もらえる仕組みになっています。 ちなみに、マイニング（mining）の由来は、計算処理の報酬として仮想通貨が支払われることが、鉱山から金や銀を採掘するイメージと似ている為です。 マイニングはとても大変な作業ですが、報酬を得るために世界中で計算機を回して行われています。そして、ビットコインはこのマイニングからしか生まれないようになっています。マイニングはビットコインをはじめとする様々な通貨で採用されている方法です。 2019/9/5現在　1BTC＝約110万円のため12.5BTC＝約1400万円 （3）一番長いものが正式なブロックになる...

SAP system is the system used by a lot of enterprises in the current business process. In the process of using the SAP system, it is indispensable for the modules and the SAP S/4HANA migration process to serve the business process. So what is...

The idea of blockchain has been around since the 90s. However, it was first introduced in 2008 as the distributed ledger behind bitcoin transactions. As blockchain continues to grow stronger and become more popular with users, have you ever wondered “How does blockchain work?”....

Low-code tools have received a lot of attention since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, but at the time they were still good for what they were. BAP IT will help learn more about the benefits of using Low Code Platforms and how your...

What is OutSystems Platform? OutSystems is a low-code app development platform that lets you build apps quickly. The platform is primarily meant for developers and business users who want to accelerate the development process by saving significant time on front-end and back-end system integration,...

Live streaming app is emerging as a new application on social media that helps many people who can contact, and interact with each other without worrying about geographic location, time, and more. In this article, we will introduce to you the concept of live...

Java system development is so famous in IT sector, and it is applied from web, apps, or even game. In this article, we will introduce to you about recommended 5 Java system development companies in Japan that your business can consider when having intention...

When it comes to software development, there are two biggest areas: Web application development and mobile application development. To choose the right type of App for you, businesses need to clearly understand the advantages and disadvantages of each type and understand the differences between...

As a programmer, in recent days you have surely become familiar with the information surrounding the new feature update version of Python 3.12. Is this an upgrade worthy of users’ expectations? The article below will provide a lot of noteworthy information! 1/ What is...

Salesforce is one of the most widely used CRM platforms in the field of business and business management. Salesforce has features such as helping to run product marketing campaigns, capture customer tastes, and provide effective customer service. To better understand this technology platform and...

In today’s digital world, optimizing user experience (UX) and user interface (UI) design is not just essential for attracting customers but also determines the success or failure of a product or service. “UI Testing” is a crucial process that ensures interface designs are not...

Smoke Testing is an extremely familiar term to the technology field, especially software development teams. This is an error testing and troubleshooting technique favored by many developers today. Thanks to Smoke Testing, the work of software developers as well as QA staff becomes more...

The migration from COBOL to Java is a crucial step for businesses to modernize their legacy systems. This process is not just about code translation; it also involves choosing the right approach, ensuring data security, and making a smooth transfer without affecting operations. Here’s...

In the era of data explosion, manufacturing enterprises and smart cities require data processing solutions that are faster, more secure, and more accurate than ever before. Edge Computing—data processing at the source—combined with Digital Twin—a digital model that simulates real-world systems—is emerging as a...

There have been many cases of theft at virtual currency exchanges, so many people are looking for information on the safest ways to manage and secure their assets. In this article, we will introduce the web wallet — a platform for managing and exchanging...

An introduction to artificial intelligence in the field of Martech Marketing is one of the domains with the most potential for AI. In today’s interconnected world, getting a competitive advantage over your competition is paramount. To do this, you’ll need some straightforward technology that...

SAP business planning software was launched in 2006 and has provided enterprises with a lot of convenience. Now, SAP is getting more and more attention and the demand for using this technology system is increasing. Nevertheless, SAP ERP maintenance will end in 2027, SAP...

Blockchain is a buzzword that seems to pop up on a lot of topics about the future of technology. While the applications for this technology seem endless, not many people are entirely sure what blockchain is. In this article, we will introduce an overview...

When it comes to programming websites, you cannot skip the MVC model. Why is it important? And how it helps you? The below article will explain more about MVC model, and you can have sustainable knowledge in the future. 1. What is MVC model?...

There are many benefits that Salesforce provides in every organization. But the desktop/laptop version seems cumbersome when sales employees idle most of their time to work out of the office. So Salesforce mobile app is right choice for businesses to push their employees’ performance....

Continuing the knowledge on “What is Big Data?“, this article will reveal some of the top technologies for big data that businesses can use. The amount of data created, collected and used globally is forecast to reach 149 zettabytes by 2024. For businesses to...

2025 marks the explosive rise of artificial intelligence in daily work. From content creation, design, coding to project management – everything can now be assisted by AI. This article compiles the best AI tools suitable for office workers, marketers, and developers, helping you increase...

In the era of Industry 4.0, asset digitalization has emerged as a strategic solution for businesses and investors to optimize asset value with transparency and efficiency. The rapid development of blockchain technology has unlocked the potential to transform physical and digital assets into tradeable,...

A Salesforce Developer is, in short, a person who works with Salesforce. Salesforce Developers utilize the Salesforce platform; it does not indicate that they are employed by Salesforce. Salesforce provides SaaS and PaaS platforms, so you may work with any kind of business, including...

Starlink is a satellite network providing Internet services developed by the American aerospace company SpaceX. As of June 2024, there are more than 6,000 satellites, accounting for more than half of all satellites in operation. Starlink is a megaconstellation or satellite Internet constellation, with...

Mobile App Testing is the process of testing a mobile application for its usability before it is publicly released. Mobile App Testing helps verify whether the application meets technical requirements or not. With modern advanced technology, smartphones have been born, promoting the development of...

1. Introduction: The Growing Need for IT Service Connectivity in the Digital Era As digital transformation becomes an inevitable trend globally, the demand for high-quality IT solutions is increasingly vital for businesses. From software development and system integration to advanced technologies like AI, Big...

Salesforce is the leading name when it comes to customer relationship management solutions. Each CRM software has its characteristics. So what are the outstanding features of Salesforce that make the difference and the choice of so many businesses? Let’s find out through the following...